Gabapentin Overdose

gabapentin overdose

West Virginia continues to face a severe overdose crisis. In 2023, we had the highest drug overdose death rate in the nation, with 81.9 deaths per 100,000 people. Fentanyl is still the most common cause, but gabapentin, a medication often prescribed for nerve pain, is showing up more often in overdose deaths. Between 2018 and 2022, it was involved in about 9.5% of all overdose deaths in West Virginia.

At Hope for Tomorrow, addiction treatment doesn’t just address the immediate risks – it helps people regain stability in their health, relationships, and daily life. This blog explains the dangers of gabapentin overdose and why seeking professional support early can make a difference.

What Is a Gabapentin Overdose?

A gabapentin overdose happens when the body gets more of the medication than it can safely handle or process. Some individuals find that higher doses of gabapentin produce mild euphoria, ease anxiety, or intensify the “high” when taken with other substances. This can lead to the misuse of a prescription or even the illegal acquisition of it. 

When it’s taken in high doses, too often, or mixed with other substances, an overdose can happen.

Taking gabapentin for a prolonged period also increases the risk of withdrawal when it’s stopped. Withdrawal symptoms can sometimes be intense, causing people to take more of it or turn to other substances, like alcohol, to cope. In severe cases, gabapentin withdrawal can include seizures and other health complications.

Signs and Symptoms of a Gabapentin Overdose 

An overdose can slow breathing to a dangerous level, especially when gabapentin is combined with opioids, benzodiazepines, or alcohol. The FDA warns that gabapentin can cause serious breathing problems, and the risk rises with other central nervous system depressants. This means that when a gabapentin overdose happens, it’s usually fairly noticeable.

The sooner an overdose is caught, the more likely it is to make a full recovery. Here are some common signs that someone is experiencing a gabapentin overdose:

  • Unusually hard to wake, or very slow to respond.
  • Breathing that is slow, shallow, or stops.
  • Confusion, slurred speech, or extreme drowsiness.
  • Severe dizziness, poor balance, or repeated vomiting.
  • Any sudden change after mixing gabapentin with alcohol or other sedatives.

What to do in the Event of an Overdose: Next Steps

Act immediately. If the person is collapsed, has a seizure, has trouble breathing, or can’t be woken up, call 911. Emergency responders will manage the airway, breathing, and circulation, and take the person to a hospital if needed. 

Poison Control can give urgent, expert guidance if someone is unsure of whether or not they’re witnessing an overdose. They can be reached at 1-800-222-1222 or via the Poison Control website.

Below is a simple table our staff shares with families and first responders. It shows practical steps, why they matter, and who to call.

Action to take right away Why it matters Who to call
Check responsiveness and breathing Determines whether immediate CPR or advanced airway support is needed 911
Place the person on their side if vomiting or unconscious but breathing Reduces the risk of choking and helps keep the airway clear 911 or local EMS
Give naloxone only if it’s suspected that the person has also taken opioids alongside gabapentin Naloxone reverses opioid effects but not gabapentin; it is still critical when opioids may be involved 911; follow local naloxone protocols
Tell responders about any pills, alcohol, or other drugs taken Guides treatment choices and monitoring in the hospital N/A
Call Poison Control for step-by-step advice if the person is stable, but concerning symptoms exist Poison experts provide tailored, immediate recommendations 1-800-222-1222

After emergency care, we recommend medical follow-up and a plan to address substance misuse and safety. At Hope for Tomorrow, our team coordinates medical and behavioral care after an overdose to reduce the chance of another. 

gabapentin overdose

Who Is at Risk of a Gabapentin Overdose?

Not everyone who takes gabapentin is at risk of overdose, but some factors can increase the chances. Knowing these risks can help individuals, families, and care providers watch more closely and act sooner if problems arise. Having one or more of these factors does not mean an overdose will happen. It simply means some individuals need extra caution or support.

As mentioned earlier, the most substantial risks are mixing gabapentin with other sedatives or taking it outside of a physician’s instructions. However, other things that put people at risk – not just for a gabapentin overdose, but for addiction, as well. 

Other risks pertain to long-term patterns and personal history. Addiction does not arise from a single cause. Instead, it is shaped by biology, environment, and experience. Some people face a higher baseline vulnerability, and when gabapentin misuse enters the picture, overdose risk rises.

Here are several well-documented risk factors:

  1. Adverse childhood experiences (ACEs): Trauma, neglect, or exposure to violence in early life can increase the likelihood of substance use later on. Research shows there is a strong link between ACEs and mental health concerns/addiction.
  2. Family history of addiction: Genetics play a role. If parents or siblings struggled with substance use, the risk of developing dependence can be higher.
  3. Mental health conditions: Anxiety, depression, PTSD, and bipolar disorder are all associated with higher rates of substance misuse. If untreated, they can make self-medicating with gabapentin more likely.

    Even treated current mental health conditions still put people at risk for addiction –  there may be mood swings or other important factors at play. Those who have mental health conditions should communicate with their doctors so the treatment plan can be adjusted as needed.
  4. Chronic pain or long-term prescriptions: People living with ongoing nerve pain may receive gabapentin for extended periods. Over time, tolerance can develop, leading to higher and riskier doses. Taking it for a while also increases the risk of gabapentin withdrawal, which can lead individuals to take higher doses to avoid the symptoms.
  5. High and prolonged periods of stress. Stressful periods are present in every person’s life, but sometimes, they become unbearable. Death of a loved one, major issues with finances, trouble at work, or divorce are all times of vulnerability.

These factors are not a guarantee of misuse or overdose. Many people with one or more of them never develop a problem. What they do offer is a chance to intervene earlier. 

Families who understand these patterns can look for changes in mood, behavior, or physical health that might point to growing misuse.

Treatment becomes especially important when gabapentin is taken at higher-than-prescribed doses or mixed with other drugs. Medical monitoring can prevent dangerous interactions and help a person taper safely. Behavioral health treatment can address the root causes of misuse, reducing the urge to rely on medication for relief.

Recognizing risk factors is about preparation, not prediction. Awareness gives families and individuals the tools to respond quickly, seek medical advice when needed, and create an environment that lowers the chance of overdose.

gabapentin overdose

Get Treatment for Gabapentin Overdose or Addiction Today at Hope for Tomorrow in Point Pleasant 

If gabapentin misuse or overdose has become a concern, Hope for Tomorrow can help. Our team provides evidence-based treatment that supports both substance use and mental health needs, because recovery often requires addressing both. 

We accept individuals that many facilities turn away, including pregnant women, veterans, couples, and people managing complex medical conditions. No matter how overwhelming things feel right now, care is available and tailored to meet each person’s needs.

At Hope for Tomorrow in West Virginia, prescription drug use disorder treatment goes beyond symptom management. Clients receive dual-diagnosis support and compassionate guidance from professionals who understand the challenges of substance use. A safe environment, individualized plans, and medical oversight create a foundation for lasting change. Call 877-679-8162 today to begin the process. 

Treatment today for a brighter tomorrow.